The colonial era until 1960, post independence legislation 19601966, the military era 19661999. With all these numbers, it is fair to say nigeria has been blessed with so much human and natural resources to make it the envy of any nation. Read below and see the main stages and dates of the history of democracy in nigeria. Afro asian journal of social sciences volume 1, no. The ncnc, now headed by azikiwe who had taken control after macaulays death in 1946, formed a coalition with balewas npc after neither party won a majority in the 1959 elections. The future of nigerian politics lies in tolerating civilian governance. Nigeria has been recording low participation of women in both elective and appointive positions.
Late 19th century and early 20th century lagos was also a center for educated. It examines the impact of globalization on industrialization and the attendant problems of globalization on the nigerian economy. The famous names were the nigerian national democratic party nndp of herbert macaulay which dominated lagos politics in the 1920s and 1930s, but later dissolved into the national council for. Issues on nigerian peoples and culture is the title of this book and also one of the general benchmark course requirements of the nuc for undergraduate studies in nigeria. Its seven most populous cities each house more than one million people, and about one out of two west africans is from nigeria. These political parties were the national council of nigeria and cameroons ncnc, the northern peoples congress npc and the action group ag. Nigeria could have experience great development in his regime if not that president yaradua was a sickler. Regrettably, since independence a notable surviving legacy of the successive political leadership both civilian and military that have managed the affairs of the. While politics and the process of politicking do not necessarily.
This post is about the governmental and political history of nigeria. Nigeria contains more historic cultures and empires than any other other nation in africa. Ever since this merger, the polity has been characterized by ethnoreligious politics which has being the bane to national unity. Nigeria became a federal republic, modelling its federal.
His experience of nigerian politics alone provided him with an ample background for appraising many of the problems which have bedevilled african. They date back as far as the 5th century bc, when communities living around the southern slopes of the jos plateau make wonderfully expressive terracotta figures in a tradition known now as the nok culture, from the nigerian village where these. He served as governor of katsina state in northern nigeria between may 29, 1999 and may 28, 2007. Nigeria was granted independence on october 1, 1960. A new constitution established a federal system with an elected prime minister and a ceremonial head of state. Causes, types, effects, and solutions to corruption in nigeria. Nigeria is a famous country with more than one hundred and forty million population. In nigeria, the history of political parties is as old as the history of the british imposition and colonization of the largest nation of the black people. Governmental and political history of nigeria the first republic. Educational policy in nigeria from the colonial era to the. Nigeria is a nation of vast human and natural resource potential that has experienced. Toyin falola and matthew heaton describe their project as a general background survey of the broad themes of nigeria s history from the beginnings of human habitation to the early twentyfirst century p. Nairaland forum nairaland general politics what is the importance of census in nigeria. History of nigeria before independence 1914 till date.
Jan 10, 2016 during his regime nigeria experience peace and he also concentrate most on rule of law he is of the notion that every humans are equally and should be treated equally. Although the years since nigeria s return to civilian rule in 1999 have seen an increased interest in its history and politics, nigeria remains one of the most underresearched african countries. This newly formed country would go on to become a republic three years down the line on 1, october, 1963. Available records on the history of the political development of nigeria since independence have shown that the reins of government has always fallen into the hands of a political leadership class that showed more interest in private, group or ethnic gains than in the general wellbeing of the nigerian state. The three political parties were the national council of nigeria and the cameroons ncnc. With a restoration of democracy, nigerians are very much determined to sustain it and make the future generation proud to be a part of this great nation. Both the 1979 and the 1999 constitutions of nigeria mandate the mass media to ensure that government protects, preserves and promotes certain cultures.
Nigeria s flag consists of three equal vertical bands of green, white, and green. Elections for these offices were held in 1959 and three political parties participated in it. Recent questions notice incompleteness in the book what is the true history of the education in the usmaniyya caliphate that triumph in the northern part of the country. Institute of african studies university of nigeria, nsukka abstract the precolonial ethnic nationalities that make up the present nigerian state had leadership structures and systems of governance in place before the arrival of the western colonialists, but. In 1959, there were three political parties in the country and they include the following. Failure of the elections conducted by the civilian government in 1965 and 1983 brought about the military intervention. It was in on the 1 st of october 1960, when nigeria publicly announced her independence from great britain, and it officially became a republic. History of political parties in nigeria information. In the nigerian case study, the reconfiguration, formation of political parties, distribution of human. In particular, international attention has been drawn to the application of sharia law to criminal offences and the. The constitution provides for a bicameral national assembly, which consists of the house of representatives and the. Though this study will limit itself to the pivotal roles the mass media should play in shaping the desired political culture in nigeria yet, it is aimed at highlighting the areas in which the mass media can intervene in promoting the desired political. The political, economic and social dynamics of nigeria africa portal. Introduction nigeria and nigerians have been caught in the frenzy of centenary celebration.
Journal of nigeria studies volume 1, number 2, fall 2012 political leadership and corruption in nigeria since 1960. Nigeria is said to be a british creation by uniting the various nationalities into a single country today known as the federal republic of nigeria. He was declared the winner of the controversial nigerian general election of 2007, held on april 21, and was sworn in on may 29, 2007. Nnamdi azikiwe became the first president of independent nigeria, with sir. Nigeria under umaru musa yaradua and goodluck jonathan. On 1, october 1960, nigeria, after several years of british colonial rule, became an independent nation. All progressives congress apc, peoples democratic party pdp, apga, labour party and others. The history of nigeria before independence from 1914 till date nigeria stood as the biggest black country on the globe because of its estimated population of 190,000,00. Although the years since nigerias return to civilian rule in 1999 have seen an increased interest in its history and politics, nigeria remains one of the most underresearched african countries. Nigeria has made progress since its return to democracy in 1999. Controversies surrounding the 2007 presidential election.
Monitoring participation of women in politics in nigeria paper presented by mrs. It borders on the gulf of guinea an arm of the atlantic ocean in the south, on benin in the west, on niger in the northwest and north, on chad in the northeast, and on cameroon in the east. Its for the interest of my fellow political science student. Historical background of nigerian politics, 19001960. Political leadership and corruption in nigeria since 1960. And of course, this country has quite a history behind it. After independence, the nigerian economy seemed very promising. History of nigeria the history of nigeria can be traced to prehistoric settlers nigerians living in the area as early as 1100 bc. Profiting from the weaknesses and strengths of its predecessors, it treats not only nigerian politics, administration and economy but focuses also on culture and social history especially on art, music, literature and drama. Corruption in nigeria causes, types, effects, and solutions. Nigeria is the most populous cou ntry in africa, the second biggest economy, the third largest military power and the biggest oil producer 10th oil producer in the world. The political, economic and social dynamics of nigeria. The history of the nigerian army and the implications for the future of nigeria, by maj fredrick c.
If you know nothing about government and affairs of state, there are politics books for beginners on jumia that will give you an insight into the relevance of democracy and the fight for justice. However, in nigeria, owing to incessant military coups coupled with the ethnicisation of politics. Nigerias political system and the people vanguard news. Ethnic and religious clashes have continued in africas most densely populated nation. By extension, the electoral act 2010 stipulates the ceiling of expenses by candidates and political parties for specific elective positions. But how, has the media fared in this onerous task is what this study seeks to address. The political and governmental history of nigeria nigerian.
Theoretical perspective 79 languages, customs and traditions gives the country a rich cultural diversity. History of political parties in nigeria nigerian finder. On the coast of west african, an area of 356,669 square miles has been covered, which was known officially as the federal republic of nigeria in 1963. Nigeria adopted the presidential system of government modeled after the american system in preference to the british parliamentary system. An analysis grace malachi brown, phd department of history and diplomatic studies faculty of humanities rivers state university of education pmb 5047, rumuolumeni port harcourt, rivers state nigeria. Overages, the country has been held hostage in shackles and coffin of corruption in nigeria and its adverse effect on the countrymen and women, it is no longer that new corruption has become a household menace that erupts from public office holders to the floor of common man in the room, how it happens, the forms it. The economist offers authoritative insight and opinion on international news, politics, business, finance, science, technology and the connections between them. The political economy of state creation and socioeconomic development in nigeria dele adetoye, phd ekiti state university, ado ekiti, nigeria abstract the study is a longitudinal historical analysis of state creation exercise and its potentials for jumpstarting socioeconomic development among the people of benefiting areas in nigeria. It should also be noted that state governments also finance higher education in nigeria but the magnitude of their finances on higher education varies according to the number of such institutions that are owned by such states. Nigeria s history is replete with shortlived governments, dysfunctional institutions and poor leadership.
First, the spread of islam, predominantly in the north but later in southwestern nigeria as well, began a millennium ago. Numerous ancient african civilizations settled in the region that is today nigeria, such as the kingdom of nri, the benin empire, and the oyo empire. Pdf the nigerian civil war in history and historiography. Very complicated african politics, in which tribes, religions and economics all play a part, are involved in the situation. A brief history of liberia international center for. The organisation projects a population of 203 million in 2025 and 279 million in 2050, when nigeria is expected to have the worlds 6th largest population.
There is a widened western educational gap between the north and south of nigeria with the predominantly muslim areas of the north lagging behind due to some historical antecedents. Oloyede oluyemi national bureau of statistics nbs, abuja, nigeria abstract nigeria has been recording low participation of women in both elective and appointive positions. Nigeria politics news, nigerian politician news, updates from all nigerian political parties. History and development of political parties in nigeria. Awolowo was born in ikenne, then part of the british colony and protectorate of southern nigeria. It is a phenomenon that had existed even during the british rule and dominance of the political reign of the niger area people. Geographical, historical and political profiles of nigeria 1. Britain eventually gained control of nigerian administration. The impact of colonialism in nigeria could be discussed under political, economic, social, educational and religious aspects. Chronology of political regimes in nigeria since 1 october 1960 28. Nigeria rapidly suffers economic crisis and political disorder.
A true democracy is a sine qua non for the development of all sectors of any countrys economy. Trends in government, labour relations, oil and gas industry, nigeria introduction the socio political environment of nigeria nigeria is the most populous black nation in the world. Under the 1999 constitution, executive power is vested in a president who serves as both the head of state and the chief executive, is directly elected to a fouryear term, and nominates the vice president and members of the cabinet. University of nigeria virtual library serial no isbn. The nigerian educational system allocations were 45 percent and 22 percent of the requests respectively. He was also known for his progressive views concerning social welfare. Islam reached nigeria through the borno empire between 1068 ad and hausa states around 85 ad during the. Lukman that nigeria badly needed a leadership that can rescue the country from the depth of chronic indiscipline, disorder.
The political economy of a country is pivotal to its economic dynamics as well as its social system. The history of political parties in nigeria began when the first political party in nigeria was established in 1959, the year before nigeria gained her independence from great britain. Many of the first republic politicians were not corrupt since the majority of them came into politics with ideologies and principles. In this writeup, you will have the opportunity to learn about what actually transpired in nigeria during the colonial days. A history of nigeria is an impressive book, the more so because its ambitions initially appear straightforward. The discussion is based on a local case from the nigerian middle belt which will be interpreted in the light of two wider contexts, that of the african continent in general and that of the specific nigerian context.
Toyin falola, a leading historian intimately acquainted. Table of contents corruption in nigeria historycorruption in nigeria causeseffects of corruption in nigeriasolution to. This has shaped how nigerians perceive issues of politics and nation building. Ethnic politics and democratic consolidation in nigeria. An appraisal of precipitating factors in nigeria olayiwola victor ojo m sc political science, university of ilorin, ilorin, nigeria abstract. Nigeria has three predominant regions, namely northern nigeria inhabited by the hausas, west nigeria with the yoruba and south with the igbos. The ncnc was controlled by the igbos, the tribe dominating the eastern region. The evolution of trade union in nigeria can be tied to. Nigeria, once stated that africa should seek unity in diversity and diversity in unity. Ahistoryofnigeria nigeria is africas most populous country and the worlds eighth largest oil producer, but its success has been undermined in recent decades by ethnic and religious con. Democracy is a vital instrument that propels political proficiency, economic development and social stability of any nation state. Nigerias creaky political system council on foreign. This study investigates the political economy of globalization in the development process in nigeria. Nigeria 19641968, the situation was characterized in this manner.
In the first republic, the last governorgeneral of nigeria, dr. Colonialism is a major feature of the economic history of nigeria. But a political system crippled by corruption and dogged by ethnic tensions threatens to derail the. Historical background several dominant themes in nigerian history are essential for understanding contemporary nigerian politics and society. Introduction by the time nigeria gained its independence, it was entering a period of rapid social and economic change, and many people were quite optimistic about its future.
Nigeria is one indivisible and indissoluble sovereign state to be known by the name of the federal republic of nigeria. Expectedly, politics by its nature and character is to give birth to a democratic structure capable of engendering development. The history of nigeria before independence in order to understand the current nigerian politics and society, three dominant characteristics need to be taken into account. Thus, in one sentence this veteran of the nationalist struggle in nigeria and in africa at large and the leading statesman of by far the most populous country of africa, summed up his experience of both nigerian and african politics. List of books and articles about nigerian history online. The plateau area around jos was a meeting point for cultural influences from the upper niger valley where agriculture developed independently as early as 5000 bce and from egypt. Obafemi awolowo, nigerian statesman who was a strong and influential advocate of independence, nationalism, and federalism. The politics of history in northern nigeria niels kastfelt centre of african studies university of copenhagen paper presented to the research seminar of the african studies centre, leiden, 27 april 2006 the politics of history in contemporary africa in recent years there has been a growing interest in the political uses of history in africa. We are going to focus specially on those days between 1900 and 1960. End of americoliberian rule liberia began to change during the 1970s.
Many saw nigeria, with 15% of africas population, as an emerging economy. Its socialscientistic treatment of the key issues across ethnic and regional boundaries gives it a refreshing new flavour. The first set of political parties to be formed in nigeria was formed in 1959, shortly before nigeria gained her independence from britain. First, the spread of islam, predominantly in the north but later in southwestern nigeria as well, began a. This study aimed at examining the role of the mass media in promoting the nigerian cultural heritage.
Nigeria yesterday today by godwin sogolo is definitely one of the best history books to read. National council of nigeria and the cameroons ncnc. Neither brief cilivian governments nor frequent military intervention prove able to rescue the situation. Nigeria shall be a federation consisting of states and a federal capital territory. History of corruption in nigeria nigeria is africas most populous nation and largest economy. Rwanda, burundi, zaire, ethiopia zanzibar, uganda, nigeria, the chad and angola 1. The grant of independence to nigeria was a milestone in the political history of the country. Introduction history of islam in nigeria jihad islamic law sharia islam and politics islamic movements, islamic reform selected web resources there has been considerable recent media coverage of the implementation of islamic sharia law in the northern states of nigeria. Contents definition of colonialismeffectsimpact of colonialism on nigeria definition of colonialism colonialism means a system which the europeans adopted in ruling the colonies of africa to their own benefits.
Nigerians shortlived democratic experiment after independence could be attributed to the following factors among others. History of nigeria the history of nigeria can be traced to settlers trading across the middle east and africa as early as 1100 bc. History of democracy in nigeria and when did nigeria. Geographical, historical and political profiles of nigeria. Nigerias flag consists of three equal vertical bands of green, white, and green. The second political party was the northern peoples congress npc and it.
1077 177 1094 1056 1315 831 865 1222 1286 135 715 1015 450 202 516 1040 291 15 1346 1494 1497 1359 1482 930 1412 867 451 424 351 1299 1083